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My work, of covering and exposing forms, using paint on canvas, is continuing. It explores how a process can change the perception and narrative of the figure.  To me, this is linked to ideas of how our innerness can be expressed in a visual way. Painting on the surface of a canvas is making a representation of the outer layer of skin and by, over-painting, wrapping or sanding through or over these layers I am trying to make the paintings innerness show through.

At the moment all of my energy is concentrated on making and documenting new work. I think I will be working right up to the deadline of deciding what I will include in the degree show as I want to select the pieces that best represent my ideas and that show my journey.


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I am still continuing to work on this painting. I am not sure if I will include it in the degree show to represent a process investigated that is between the over-painted canvases and the canvases that I have actually wrapped in paper and tied with string. I like this “between” painting as it is more technically challenging and could appear to look similar if I can achieve the detail needed.

Kathryn Raffell, 2015, Untitled, Close up of acrylic on canvas, work in progress. 40cmx50cm.


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When I researched and wrote my dissertation on the figurative work of Lucian Freud and Jenny Saville I was convinced that my work would move towards large figurative portraiture. Over the summer last year I did research and plan my own large figurative piece of work in response to their work. However, I soon realised that the composition wasn’t working and the figures were unbalanced so I reprimed the canvas, covering the figures, and began another work which explored the idea of how the human form can be covered and concealed. This was to begin my own interpretations of figurative representations using paint.

I started the blog when I was making work describing how pattern, skin and body form could be brought together in my paintings. This moved to body forms in clay and bronze and the covering of these 3D forms with pattern and patena. Asking myself if the expression of mixing pattern and texture expresses a change in the perception of the figure viewed? Comparing shapes and their connection to image expression and its rendering and I think it does.

Moving my work forward again I investigated if different colours also give a change of “atmosphere” (the feelings that are taken from viewing the image).

Overpainting of original portrait painting reminded me of a pair of artists (Jean Claude & Christo ) that I became familiar with at the start of my course, their work at the time was about wrapping large objects but when I re-looked at their work I found the early work of Christo, was about wrapping magazines. I included a video clip of him unwrapping some that he had stored for some 40 years.

I used previous discarded portraits that I considered failures at the time as the base image to work on and change. Which, after a recent seminar on “Failure”, I now consider as “fruitful failures”! a term coined by Michael Landy in a video we watched.

Also another phrase Michael Landy mentioned was “creation and destruction are part of the same process” which I think rather aptly describes the process I have used. I concentrated on the discarded portrait paintings used them and overpainted them in dark colours (for the effect I wanted to obtain I think the darker overpainting works better to express how I want the finished work to feel, the dark side of what we keep hidden perhaps) and then by removing areas revealing the original as fainter traces of the faces, giving the appearance of an old wall fresco. As these old frescos were usually painted directly onto forms of lime mortar and were lighter in appearance I overpainted the next two works in white. This gave a totally different sensation when viewing the faces. These seemed more haunting faces.

Having mentioned the faces similarity to wall frescos and the way these images erode and degrade, my tutor suggested I look at an exhibition held at Tate Britain about Iconoclasm which explored the history of physical attacks on art, particularly religious, that was about removing the image of the representations.


iconocliam-at-Tate.jpg, 2015, 229 × 228cm.
http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/art-under-attack-histories-british-iconoclasm  Tate Britain: ExhibitionArt under Attack: Histories of British Iconoclasm, 2013- 2014.

This type of covering of the human form was about erasing what the defaced figures represented be it religious, political or other aesthetic reasons and has been happening for centuries, as early as the Romans and Egyptians.

Questioning how to take this work forward and not just making repetitive images, I got to thinking back at the previous years 1 and 2 drawing and paintings, I realised that my work has always been about exploring ideas of identity and how we express ourselves as individuals to others but also how much we conceal. Looking at other artists who also explore similar ideas in different mediums will inspire a direction and is the way forward for me. This led me to look at the “cut piece” by Yoko Ono’s. This performance of hers was about her wearing layers of clothing and inviting the audience to participate by cutting away parts of the cloths, removing layers to reveal what was underneath. An affect that Marlene Dumas expresses as layers of paint that I interpret as a mask like expression to the faces.

Perhaps I could wrap one of the overpainted canvases, one of the darker ones, with paper not paint and reveal parts of it by tearing away areas instead of sanding. I made a short video clip of me tearing away the strips. I even liked the way the torn away pieces formed an interesting pattern on the table.

I moved this further by adding more than one layer of paper onto another old canvas and peeling parts away to reveal two birds. This didn’t work well as from a distance it was a very confused image and closer up it was messy. It’s a process that doesn’t fit with the ideas I have for this body of work but I might re-visit later.

I have though seen the work of artist Patrick Kramer, a hyper-realistic artist, who makes paintings that give an almost 3D quality to the image. Looking at this work gave me the idea to make a painting that is a representation of my work that was created by tearing paper away in strips. I hung both of the canvases next to each other to compare them. The tromp l’oeil version will need more dark shadows adding and more painted “creases” in the paper. The idea is good but the technical challenge of making it work and be a realistic comparison will be very tough but I love a challenge.


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In this piece of work I wanted to explore the idea of a kind of tromp l’oeil by capturing the look of my original painting, that I wrapped in paper, by using layers of paint.

Kathryn Raffell 2015, Untitled, Acrylic on canvas, and Acrylic and paper on canvas, both 40cmx50cm.

The above photograph is a picture of the two works hung together. Below is a close up of the top tromp l’oeil painting.

Kathryn Raffell, 2015, Untitled, Acrylic on canvas, 40cmx50cm.

It is a work in progress. I can see from comparing them that I need to lighten the paper wrapping and darken the image of the painting underneath showing through the gaps. It needs to take on a more realistic 3D appearance for me to be happier with it.

As I am a painter at heart I want to explore and push my ability to represent layers by using only paint.

Even before I have finished this work I am thinking ahead to finding another material that perhaps I could wrap and cover it with. It is becoming a kind repetition process, rather like putting on layers of clothing, covering one form with another,


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Yoko Ono. In Cut Piece, an early piece of feminist art first staged in 1964, Yoko Ono knelt on the ground and laid down a pair of scissors. The audience were invited to come forward and cut off pieces of her clothing.

Yoko Ono performs Cut Piece in 1965 at Carnegie Hall, New York. Photograph: Minoru Niizuma/Yoko Ono

I explored this piece of work at the suggestion of my tutor. If you compare the images of this and my work, visually, they don’t appear to have anything in common BUT the underlying narrative is very similar. It is about layers covering a human form and then the removal of those layers in a random way, then stepping back to explore how this has changed the original form. Yoko gave control to how the layers were removed from her form to third persons whereas I stayed in control of removing the painted layers myself but I did try and randomise where and how far the layers underneath were made visible.

Marlene Dumas

Two of the paintings of artist Marlene Dumas did give the appearance of having layers of skin having been added and peeled away from their faces.

Marlene Dumas, Helena’s Dream, 2008, oil on canvas, 130,5 x 110 cm., Kunsthalle Bielefeld, copyright Marlene Dumas, photo Peter Cox

Marlene Dumas, Naomi, 1995, oil on canvas, 130 x 110 cm., collection De Heus-Zomer, copyright Marlene Dumas, photo Peter Cox – See more at: http://www.stedelijk.nl/en/press/press-images/marlene-dumas#sthash.ZIS3ctAN.dpuf

 

When Marlene Dumas was interviewed by Odili Donald Odita, she asked her “What place does the human figure take in your painting,  philosophically, psychologically, metaphorically?” and Dumas replied “It’s my beast of burden. The poor figure has to carry all the weight”  (quote downloaded from :-http://arudemag.com/marlene-dumas-interview-by-odili-donald-odita/ on 20/3/15).

And I believe this thought holds true for all figurative representations that are made. Not only does the image have to portray a visually recognisable figure but it also has to express the innerness or persona of that image on the flat 2D surface of canvas.


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